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CERN Collider discovered the existence of New Force of Nature

  • Posted By
    10Pointer
  • Categories
    Science & Technology
  • Published
    24th Mar, 2021

The scientists working at CERN Collider have seen evidence of the existence of a new force of nature.

Context

The scientists working at CERN Collider have seen evidence of the existence of a new force of nature.

The Standard Model of fundamental particles

  • The universe is found to be constituted of a few basic building blocks which are known as fundamental particles. These particles are governed by four fundamental forces.
  • The interaction between the particles and three of the forces was studied through a model of particle physics developed in the 1970s.
  • The standard model says that nature is studied at a fundamental scale through particles known as lepton and quarks and the forces which exist between them.
    • The beauty quarks (one of the subtypes of quark) decay into leptons known as ‘muons’.

New finding

  • A difference in the decay rate of muons and electrons was observed.
  • Reason: It is expected that a new unseen particle or force is behind this differential rate of decay.
    • Two particles Z prime and lepto-quark are considered to be the expected particles as a part of the experiment to support the finding.

Significance of the finding

  • It could help in finding the new fundamental particles which will the physical phenomenon further.
    • It could help in studying the invisible dark matter or nature of Higgs boson.

Large Hadron Collider (LHC)

  • It is the world’s most powerful and largest particle accelerator.
  • The accelerator is in a tunnel on the Franco-Swiss border near Geneva, Switzerland, underground at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research.
  • The collider was started in 2008.
  • It consists of a 27-kilometer ring of superconducting magnets along accelerating structures to boost the energy of the particles through their way.
  • The two high-energy particle beams travel closer to the speed of light before they meet to Collide.
  • The beams travel in opposite directions in separate beam pipes – two tubes kept at ultrahigh vacuum. They are guided by a strong magnetic field maintained through the superconducting electromagnets.
    • It made a breakthrough discovery of Higgs Boson in 2012.

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